Jagons-present in the tech
Some Jargons Present in Technology.

Some Jargons Present in Technology.

Hum to smjh gaye ab apki bari .......

Abhimanyu Kumar's photo
Abhimanyu Kumar
·

8 min read

1> What is HTTP?

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for communication between a client (e.g., a web browser) and a server. It enables the transfer of hypertext (HTML) documents, images, videos, and other resources over the internet. HTTP is stateless, meaning each request-response cycle is independent of the others.

How HTTP Works

  1. Client Request:

    • A web browser sends an HTTP request to a server for a resource (e.g., a webpage or an image).

    • Example: GET /index.html HTTP/1.1

  2. Server Response:

    • The server processes the request and sends back an HTTP response, including the requested resource or an error code.

What is TCP?

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
meaning - stands for Transmission Control Protocol. A Protocol is a set of rules that defines how data is transmitted and received between devices. It simply means transferring something (e.g., data) from one place to another place.

A real-life server-to-client example of TCP in action is downloading a file from a server:

Example Scenario: Downloading Software from a Website

Steps in the Process:

  1. Client Request:

    • You open your browser and navigate to a website like www.microsoft.com to download software.

    • Your browser (client) sends an HTTP request over TCP to the web server hosting the software.

  2. Server Response:

    • The web server receives the request, processes it, and begins sending the file (e.g., software.exe) to your browser in chunks (data packets).

  3. TCP Mechanisms in Action:

    • Reliable Delivery:

      • Each data packet is numbered.

      • The client sends an acknowledgment (ACK) for each received packet.

      • If a packet is lost, the server resends it.

    • Order:

      • The client uses the sequence numbers to reassemble the file correctly, even if packets arrive out of order.

    • Error Checking:

      • TCP checks for errors during transmission to ensure the file is intact.

  4. Client Completion:

    • Once all packets are received, the browser notifies you that the download is complete, and the file is saved.
  1. FTP :- Stands for File Transfer Protocol, it is used to transfer files between a client and a server over a network. It works on the client-server model, where the client requests files from the server, and the server provides them.

Example:

Imagine you are a website administrator who needs to update a website by uploading files:

  1. Connecting to the FTP Server:
    You use an FTP client like FileZilla to connect to the FTP server of the website by entering the server’s address, username, and password.

  2. Uploading Files:
    After connecting, you browse your local computer for files (e.g., HTML, CSS, images) that need to be uploaded. You drag and drop them into the server directory where the website's files are stored.

  3. Download Files:
    If you need to back up files or retrieve logs, you select them from the server and download them to your local machine.

  4. Disconnecting:
    Once all files are uploaded/downloaded, you disconnect from the FTP server.

  1. IP :- Stands for Internet Protocol which is a set of rules that govern how data is sent and received over the internet or a network. It is responsible for addressing, routing, and delivering data packets from the source to the destination.

How IP Works:

  1. Data Sending:
    When you send data over the internet, it is broken into smaller packets. Each packet contains the IP address of both the sender and the receiver.

  2. Routing the Packets:
    The routers on the internet use the IP address to direct the packets to the correct destination. Routers look at the IP address in each packet and send it along the best available path.

  3. Reassembly:
    Once the packets arrive at the destination, they are reassembled in the correct order to form the original data (e.g., a webpage, email, or file).

  4. Delivery Confirmation:
    The receiver sends an acknowledgment back to the sender, confirming that the data has been received.

Simple Language :-IP address ek ghar ka address ki tarah hota hai jo aapke device ko internet par identify karta hai. Jaise ek patra ko ek specific address par bheja jata hai taaki wo sahi ghar tak pahuch sake, waise hi data packets ko IP address diya jata hai taaki wo sahi device tak pahuch sake. Routers ko aap postal services ke jaise samajh sakte hain, jo ensure karte hain ki packets sahi raaste par chalke apne destination tak pahuch jayein, jaise ek postman ensure karta hai ki patra sahi address tak pahuche.

  1. DNS :- DNS is like the phonebook of the internet. It translates user-friendly domain names (like google.com) into the machine-readable IP addresses (like 172.217.4.206) that computers use to communicate with each other. When you type a website address in your browser, DNS helps find the corresponding IP address of that website to load the page.

Simple Language :- Maan lijiye aap kisi ko phone karna chahte hain. Aap unka naam jaante hain, lekin phone number nahi pata. Aap apna contacts check karte hain taaki us insaan ka phone number mil sake. Waise hi, jab aap website ka naam (jaise google.com) type karte hain, aapka device DNS ko ek "contact book" ke jaise use karta hai, jo us website ka sahi IP address dhoondh kar aapko us server se connect karta hai.

  1. Header :- A header is a part of the request or response that contains important metadata or additional information. When you access a web page, send a request to the server, or the server sends a response, the header provides details such as content type, authentication info, session info, server info, etc., which helps in understanding the request or response better.

    Example :-

    • Request Header: When you open a website in your browser, the browser sends a request header to the server containing information about your browser type, language preference, and cookies.

    • Response Header: When the server responds, the response header contains details such as the server type, content type, and status code (like 200 OK or 404 Not Found).

analogy :- Header ko samajhna aise hai jaise aap letter bhejte waqt uske details section me sender ki details aur receiver ki details likhte hain.

  1. Payload :-Payload refers to the actual data or content that is being transferred in a request or response. It is the primary part of the message that contains the intended information, such as the body of a web request or response. In simple terms, it's the "main" content that you're sending or receiving, excluding any metadata like headers.

Example:-

  • In a POST request, when submitting a form, the data entered in the form fields (like name, email, and message) is the payload being sent to the server.

  • In a GET request, the data received from the server in response, such as HTML content or JSON data, is the payload.

Analogy :-Imagine, aap ek restaurant mein hain aur aapne ek dish order ki hai.

  • Order, jo aap waiter ko dete hain, woh request hai.

  • Menu, jo aapko dish ke type aur details batata hai, woh header hai, kyunki yeh waiter ko batata hai ki aapko kya chahiye

  • Aapki table par jo dish aati hai, woh payload hai—yani main content, aapke order ka asli kaaran aur woh data jo aap expect kar rahe the.

  1. Cache :-A cache is a temporary storage space where data is stored for quick access. The purpose of caching is to store frequently accessed data or resources so that they can be retrieved more quickly when needed, without having to fetch or regenerate them repeatedly from the original source (like a server or database). Caching helps in improving the performance and speed of applications by reducing load times and resource consumption.

In web development, the cache is often used for storing static files like images, CSS, JavaScript, or even entire web pages so that they don't need to be reloaded from the server each time you visit a page.

Example :- When you visit a website for the first time, the browser stores the site's images, CSS files, and JavaScript files in the cache. The next time you visit the same website, these files are quickly loaded from the cache instead of being downloaded again from the server, making the page load faster.

Analogy :- Jab humein bhook lagti hai, toh hum ek shop par jaate hain aur kuch biscuits kharidte hain. Hum kuch biscuits kha lete hain aur bache hue biscuits apni kitchen mein rakh dete hain. Agli baar jab humein phir se bhook lagegi, toh hum wahi bache hue biscuits kha sakte hain bina shop jaaye.

Yeh bilkul us tarah hai jaise cache kaam karta hai, jo ek temporary storage ki tarah hota hai. Yeh humein frequently used data jaldi access karne ki suvidha deta hai bina baar-baar original source se retrieve kiye.

  1. Cookie:- A cookie is a small piece of data stored on a user's device by a website. Cookies are used to remember information about the user to improve their browsing experience, such as login credentials, shopping cart contents, or preferences.

    Cookies are sent by the server to the user's browser, which stores them and sends them back to the server with each subsequent request, allowing the website to recognize the user and provide personalized content.

    Example :-When you log in to an e-commerce website, a cookie is created to keep you logged in. If you add items to your cart but leave the website, the next time you return, the items will still be in your cart because of the cookie.

    Analogy :- Maan lijiye ki aap pehli baar ek gym join karte hain. Registration ke dauraan, gym staff ek membership card banata hai jisme aapke details hote hain, jaise aapka naam, workout preferences, aur membership type. Har baar jab aap gym jaate hain, aap yeh card dikhate hain, aur staff turant samajh jaata hai ki aapke preferences kya hain, jaise kaunsa equipment ya personal trainer aapko pasand hai.

    Is analogy mein:

    • Gym ek website ko represent karta hai.

    • Membership card ek cookie ke saman hai.

    • Card par likhe aapke details wahi data hain jo cookie mein store hote hain.

Jis tarah membership card gym ko aapko pehchaanne aur behtar service dene mein madad karta hai, usi tarah cookies websites ko aapke preferences yaad rakhne aur aapke online experience ko sudharne mein madad karti hain.

JargonshttpTCPdnsserverip addressinternetftpHeaderpayloadsget and post